The beloved cell phone - without which most people feel completely powerless - is actually a danger in disguise, says a leading health expert, who has called for limiting the use of the mobile phone because of its possible cancer risk. The director of the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Dr Ronald B Herberman, issued the unprecedented warning to his faculty and staff on July 23. The warning is contrary to numerous studies that don't find a link between cancer and cell phone use, and a public lack of worry by the US Food and Drug Administration. Herberman is basing his alarm on early-unpublished data. He said that it takes too long to get answers from science and he believes that people should take action now, especially when it comes to children. "Really at the heart of my concern is that we shouldn't wait for a definitive study to come out, but err on the side of being safe rather than sorry later," the China Daily quoted Herberman, as saying. In the memo he sent to about 3,000 faculty and staff, Herberman said that children should use cell phones only for emergencies because their brains are still developing. Adults should keep the phone away from the head and use the speakerphone or a wireless headset, he said. He even warned against using cell phones in public places like a bus because it exposes others to the phone's electromagnetic fields. A driving force behind the memo was Devra Lee Davis, the director of the university's center for environmental oncology. "The question is do you want to play Russian roulette with your brain," she said in an interview from her cell phone while using the hands-free speaker phone as recommended. "I don't know that cell phones are dangerous. But I don't know that they are safe,” she added.
Tuesday, July 29, 2008
Cell phones can cause cancer
The beloved cell phone - without which most people feel completely powerless - is actually a danger in disguise, says a leading health expert, who has called for limiting the use of the mobile phone because of its possible cancer risk. The director of the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Dr Ronald B Herberman, issued the unprecedented warning to his faculty and staff on July 23. The warning is contrary to numerous studies that don't find a link between cancer and cell phone use, and a public lack of worry by the US Food and Drug Administration. Herberman is basing his alarm on early-unpublished data. He said that it takes too long to get answers from science and he believes that people should take action now, especially when it comes to children. "Really at the heart of my concern is that we shouldn't wait for a definitive study to come out, but err on the side of being safe rather than sorry later," the China Daily quoted Herberman, as saying. In the memo he sent to about 3,000 faculty and staff, Herberman said that children should use cell phones only for emergencies because their brains are still developing. Adults should keep the phone away from the head and use the speakerphone or a wireless headset, he said. He even warned against using cell phones in public places like a bus because it exposes others to the phone's electromagnetic fields. A driving force behind the memo was Devra Lee Davis, the director of the university's center for environmental oncology. "The question is do you want to play Russian roulette with your brain," she said in an interview from her cell phone while using the hands-free speaker phone as recommended. "I don't know that cell phones are dangerous. But I don't know that they are safe,” she added.
Monday, July 28, 2008
baldness
There are on an average 100,000 to 150,000 hairs on the human scalp. Hairs grow from follicles that are sac like structures under the skin. At any time 90% of the hair are in the growth phase, which lasts an average of 4 to 5 years, after which it enters the resting phase, which lasts for 2 to 4 months. At the end of the resting phase, the hair falls out naturally and is replaced by a new hair. Some hair loss, 50 to 150 per day, is normal. What is baldness?Baldness or alopecia results when hair loss occurs at an abnormally high rate, replacement occurs at an abnormally slow rate or when normal hairs are replaced by thinner, shorter ones. What are the types of baldness?
Androgenic alopecia also known as male pattern baldness is the most common type of hair loss. It occurs more frequently in men than in women. It is a permanent type of hair loss and occurs in a characteristic pattern on the scalp. The hair loss begins at the temples and at the top of the head towards the back, causing a receding hairline and a bald spot. Balding may begin at any age after puberty and can range from partial loss to complete baldness. Hormonal imbalance, mainly testosterone, and genetic factors are responsible for this type of hair loss.
Alopecia areata leads to patchy hair loss on the scalp. The exact cause is not known, but it is thought to be the result of the body’s immune system attacking the hair follicles.
Traction alopecia is caused due to long-term pulling on the hair. This is caused by certain hairstyles, such as tight braids. The hair loss is usually reversible once the cause of the pulling is eliminated.
What are the causes of baldness?
Heredity and aging.
Hormonal changes.
A serious illness or fever.
Medication such as cancer chemotherapy or too much Vitamin A.
Emotional or physical stress.
A self-induced reduction of hair by pulling it out (traction alopecia).
Poor nutrition.
Disease.
Childbirth.
Scalp Infection.
Hair Treatments and use of chemicals.How is the cause of hair loss diagnosed?The doctor first asks if there is a family history of baldness. He may also examine a few hairs under a microscope or check the scalp for signs of skin damage. Other questions related to the person’s diet, hair-care procedures, medications taken and recent illness, if any, may be asked. In some cases the doctor may order blood tests or a skin biopsy to help make a diagnosis.What are the treatment options in case of baldness?
Hair transplantationThis involves the transplantation of hair follicles from areas of the scalp where hair is still growing to areas where it is not. This carries a low risk for skin infections and may cause minor scarring in the donor areas.
Local application of drugsA drug called minoxidil, when applied to thinning areas of the scalp daily, is believed to be effective in preventing further hair loss and in growing new hair. The drug helps in dilating the blood vessels, thereby affecting the blood supply and the supply of hormones to those areas of the scalp that are losing hair. Another drug called finasteride taken in a pill form daily, helps in preventing further hair loss in most cases and growing new hair in some cases. The use of such drugs may help to reduce hair fall but it is generally seen that when the application is stopped, regrown hair fall out. Side effects such as irritation of the scalp are also quite common. Corticosteroids: Injections of cortisone into the scalp can treat alopecia areata. Treatment is usually repeated monthly. Doctors sometimes prescribe corticosteroid pills for extensive hair loss due to alopecia areata.
Cosmetic treatments Synthetic hair: A hairpiece can be custom made to cover a balding area. It is important not to neglect the scalp under the hairpiece, which should continue to be washed regularly. Another option is a weave, in which synthetic hair is sewn into existing hair.Hair products: Hair-care products that claim to thicken and straighten hair should be used with caution because most of the time they simply create an illusion of thickening, by building a layer of wax or oil.
Androgenic alopecia also known as male pattern baldness is the most common type of hair loss. It occurs more frequently in men than in women. It is a permanent type of hair loss and occurs in a characteristic pattern on the scalp. The hair loss begins at the temples and at the top of the head towards the back, causing a receding hairline and a bald spot. Balding may begin at any age after puberty and can range from partial loss to complete baldness. Hormonal imbalance, mainly testosterone, and genetic factors are responsible for this type of hair loss.
Alopecia areata leads to patchy hair loss on the scalp. The exact cause is not known, but it is thought to be the result of the body’s immune system attacking the hair follicles.
Traction alopecia is caused due to long-term pulling on the hair. This is caused by certain hairstyles, such as tight braids. The hair loss is usually reversible once the cause of the pulling is eliminated.
What are the causes of baldness?
Heredity and aging.
Hormonal changes.
A serious illness or fever.
Medication such as cancer chemotherapy or too much Vitamin A.
Emotional or physical stress.
A self-induced reduction of hair by pulling it out (traction alopecia).
Poor nutrition.
Disease.
Childbirth.
Scalp Infection.
Hair Treatments and use of chemicals.How is the cause of hair loss diagnosed?The doctor first asks if there is a family history of baldness. He may also examine a few hairs under a microscope or check the scalp for signs of skin damage. Other questions related to the person’s diet, hair-care procedures, medications taken and recent illness, if any, may be asked. In some cases the doctor may order blood tests or a skin biopsy to help make a diagnosis.What are the treatment options in case of baldness?
Hair transplantationThis involves the transplantation of hair follicles from areas of the scalp where hair is still growing to areas where it is not. This carries a low risk for skin infections and may cause minor scarring in the donor areas.
Local application of drugsA drug called minoxidil, when applied to thinning areas of the scalp daily, is believed to be effective in preventing further hair loss and in growing new hair. The drug helps in dilating the blood vessels, thereby affecting the blood supply and the supply of hormones to those areas of the scalp that are losing hair. Another drug called finasteride taken in a pill form daily, helps in preventing further hair loss in most cases and growing new hair in some cases. The use of such drugs may help to reduce hair fall but it is generally seen that when the application is stopped, regrown hair fall out. Side effects such as irritation of the scalp are also quite common. Corticosteroids: Injections of cortisone into the scalp can treat alopecia areata. Treatment is usually repeated monthly. Doctors sometimes prescribe corticosteroid pills for extensive hair loss due to alopecia areata.
Cosmetic treatments Synthetic hair: A hairpiece can be custom made to cover a balding area. It is important not to neglect the scalp under the hairpiece, which should continue to be washed regularly. Another option is a weave, in which synthetic hair is sewn into existing hair.Hair products: Hair-care products that claim to thicken and straighten hair should be used with caution because most of the time they simply create an illusion of thickening, by building a layer of wax or oil.
Breast milk fights stomach infections
Infants who are extensively breast-fed for the first six months of life are less likely to have gastrointestinal problems. But, they're more likely to be deficient in iron, and therefore at risk of anaemia. Iron deficiency (ID) is prevalent among infants worldwide and a strategy to address ID is to feed iron-fortified formula, but this may create risk for gastrointestinal (GI) infection. To investigate the relationship between infant feeding practices, iron status, and likelihood of a GI infection in the first six months of life, researchers from Canada compared a formula-fed group of about 50 babies with 55 partially breast-fed and 49 predominantly breast-fed infants from birth through six months. The mothers were asked about the episodes of GI infections among their children. Blood samples of the infants at 6 months were taken to check for the iron status.It was found that 18 percent of the infants in the predominately breast-fed group had GI infections as compared to the 33 percent of the partially breast-fed or formula-fed infants. However, the predominately breast-fed infants were more likely to have low iron levels. While just 4 percent of those in the partially breast-fed or formula-fed groups had iron deficiency, 22 percent of the mostly breast-fed babies did. It was also found that breast-fed babies didn’t become anaemic if their cords were not cut too soon. Delaying the cut for as little as two minutes can help improve the baby's iron status.Despite the higher risk of iron deficiency and potential anaemia, the researchers recommend babies to be exclusively breast-fed during the first six months of life because iron deficiency is generally treatable with supplements while GI infections can be serious and even fatal.
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